REUBENWoνβην, t Pοvβiλ), eldest son of Jacob and of Leah (Gen. xxix. 32). Reuben plays no great part in the patriarchal legend; in the Elohistic version of the story of Joseph he appears in a somewhat favourable light, but in Gen. xxxv. 22 he is charged with a grave offence, which in Gen. xlix. 4 is given as a reason why the tribe which called him father did not take in Hebrew history the place proper to its seniority. The Reubenites settled east of the Jordan on the Moabite border. In Judges v. they are described as a pastoral tribe which took no share in the patriotic movement under Barak and Deborah. The Moabites soon proved too strong for them (comp. Moab, vol. xvi. p. 534) and overspread their country (comp. Isa. chap. xv. sq. with Josh, xiii. 16 sq.β, in Deut. xxxiii. 6 the tribe appears as threatened with extinction. Dathan and Abiram (Num. xvi., Deut. xi. 6), whom the earth swallowed up for rebellion against Moses, were Reubenites. After this time only the book of Chronicles has anything considerable to relate of the tribe (1 Chron. v. 1 sn., 18 sq.∖
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