AZIMGARH, a district and city in the Benares division of British India, and under the jurisdiction of the Lieutenant-Governor of the North-Western Provinces, lies between 25° 38 3" and 26° 2 4' 45 N. lat., and 82° 44' 15" and 84° 1 0' 45" E. long. It is bounded on the N. by the river Ghagrâ, separating it from Gorakhpur district; on the E. by Ghâzipur district and the river Ganges; on the S. by the districts of Jaunpur and Ghâzipur; and on the W. by Jaunpur and the Oudh district of Faizâbâd. Its area in 1872 was returned at 2494 square miles, of which 1268 square miles are under cultivation, 344 square miles are cultivable waste, and the remaining 882 square miles are barren and uncultivable. The population of the district in 1865 was 1,385,872 souls, of whom 1,184,689 were Hindus, and 201,183 Mahometans. The pressure of the population on the soil averaged 555 per square mile. The census of 1872 discloses a population of 1,531,410, of whom 1,333,805 were Hindus, 197,581 Mahometans, and 24 Christians and others; the pressure of the population on the land being 614 per square mile. The portion of the district lying along the banks of the Ghagrâ is a low-lying tract, varying considerably in width; south of this, however, the ground takes a slight rise. The slope of the land is from north-west to south-east, but the general drainage is very inadequate. Roughly speaking, the district consists of a series of parallel ridges, whose summits are depressed into beds or hollows, along which the rivers flow; while between the ridges are low-lying rice lands, interspersed with numerous natural reservoirs. The principal streams are the Tons, Sarjù, Khιird, Kunwar, Majhor, Mangâi, Udanti or Aurâ, and the Bhansâi. The chief lines of road traffic are the following:—(1.) ...