CHARLOTTE TOWN, a town of British America, in the Dominion of Canada, the capital of Prince Edward Island, is situated on gently rising ground on the north bank of Hillsborough River, at its junction with York River, not far from the south coast, in 14° 15' N. laL and 63° 7' W. long. It has a good harbour in Hillsborough Bay, and the river is navigable by the largest vessels for several miles. Besides the Government buildings and the court-house, the town possesses an Episcopal, a Roman Catholic, and a Scotch church, a fort and barracks, a convent, a lunatic asylum, an exchange, a jail, three banks, and an almshouse; its educational institutions include the Prince of Wales College, supported by the province, the Roman Catholic College of St Dunstan’s, the Wesleyan Methodist Academy, founded in 1871, and a normal school; and among its industrial establishments are an iron foundry, a woollen factory, and shipbuilding yards. Large quantities of grain are exported, as well as potatoes, fish, and pork. A steamer plies between the town and Southport every hour, and there is regular communication with several of the other continental ports. A railway, with a total length of 200 miles, runs east to Georgetown and Souris, and west to Somerside, Alberton, and Tignish. Population in 1871, 8807.

CHARLOTTENBURG, a town of Prussia, in the province of Brandenburg, district of Potsdam, and circle of Teltow, situated on the Spree, four miles west of Berlin, with which a fine promenade connects it. The town has well-built straight streets, two churches, and a free park; it has several spinning mills, oil and vitriol factories, a beer brewery, and distilleries. It is much frequented in summer by visitors from Berlin. The castle, built in 1696 for the queen of Frederick I., the electress Sophia Charlotte, after whom the town was named, contains a collection of antiquities and paintings. In the castle grounds there is an extensive orangery, as also a granite mausoleum, the work of Schenkel, with monuments of Frederick William III. and Queen Louise by Rauch. The population in 1871 was 19,518.

CHARLOTTESVILLE, a town of the United States, the capital of Albemarle county, Virginia, situated about 65 miles north-west of Richmond on Moore’s Creek, a tributary of Rivanna river. It is a railway junction of some importance; but its celebrity is due to the university of Virginia and the residence of Thomas Jefferson, which are both in the neighbourhood. The university was founded by Jefferson in 1819, and over $200,000 was spent on the buildings; it is endowed and controlled by the state, and was attended in 1875 by 330 students. Monticello, the founder’s residence, is stiŬ standing, though in a somewhat dilapidated state, and his tomb is to be seen in the family burying-ground. The population of the town in 1870 was 2838, of whom 1473 were coloured.