CAYLUS, Anne Claude Philippe de Tubières, Comte de, Marquis d’Esternay, Baron de Bransac (1692- 1765), was born at Paris in October 1692. He was the eldest son of Lieutenant-General Count de Caylus, and while a young man he distinguished himself in the campaigns of the French army, from 1709 to 1714. After the peace of Rastadt, he spent some time in travelling in Italy, Greece, the East, England, and Germany, and devoted much attention to the study and collection of antiquities, publishing several works on the subject, among which are the Recueil des Antiquités égyptiennes, étrusques, grecques, romaines, et gauloises (Paris, 1752-5), Numismata Aurea Imperatorum Romanorum, and a description of the method of encaustic painting with wax mentioned by Pliny, which he had rediscovered. He was also an admirable engraver, and he copied many of the paintings of the great masters He did his best to assist the cause of art, by writing the lives of the most celebrated painters, by causing engravings to be made, at his own expense, of Bartoli’s copies from ancient pictures, and by publishing his Nouveaux sujets de peinture et de sculpture (1755) and Tableaux tirés de VIliade, de VOdysse, et de l'Enéide (1757). Caylus is besides known as the author of a number of romances, humorous pieces, and fairy tales. He was a man of singular simplicity, generosity, and kindliness.