SG Heritage Dictionary

Neustadt Encyclopedia Britannica

NEUSTADT (Polish, Prudnik), a manufacturing town of Prussian Silesia, in the district of Oppeln, is situated on the river Prudnik or Prudnitz, 60 miles to the south-east of Breslau. It contains three Roman Catholic churches, a Protestant church, and a gymnasium. The chief industries are tanning, dyeing, and the manufacture of damask, table-linen, ticking, and woollen stuffs. In 1880 the population was 14,292, including 12,300 Roman Catholics. In 1745, 1760, and 1779 engagements between the Austrians and Prussians took place near Neustadt, which on the last occasion was bombarded and set on fire....

NEUSTADT, or Wiener-Neustadt, an important manufacturing town in Lower Austria, is situated between the Fischa and the Leitha, close to the Hungarian frontier, and 25 miles to the south of Vienna. It was almost entirely rebuilt after a destructive fire in 1834, and ranks among the handsomest provincial towns in Austria. Its ancient gates, walls, and towers have disappeared, but it still possesses a few mediaeval edifices, the most important of which is the old castle of the dukes of Babenberg, founded in the 12th century, and converted by Maria> Theresa into a military academy (400 to 500 pupils). The Gothic chapel contains the remains of the emperor Maximilian L, who was born here in 1459. The parish church, with its two lofty towers, is substantially a Romanesque building of the 13th century, but the choir and transepts are Gothic additions of a later date. The late Gothic church of the old Cistercian abbey contains a handsome monument in memory of Eleonora of Portugal (d. 1467), consort of the emperor Frederick IV. The town-house is also a noteworthy building. The educational and charitable institutions include a gymnasium, a real-school, a normal seminary, industrial, commercial, and musical schools, and three hospitals. The chief industrial establishment is an engine-factory, employing 2500 hands, and turning out 150 to 200 locomotives annually; but manufactures of cotton, silk, velvet, pottery, and paper, sugar-refining, and tanning are also extensively carried on. Trade is also brisk, and is facilitated by a canal connecting the town with Vienna, and used chiefly for the transport of coal and timber. The population in 1880 was 23,468, nearly all Roman Catholics.

Neustadt was founded in 1192, and was a favourite residence of numerous Austrian sovereigns, acquiring the title of the “everfaithful town” {die allezeit getreue Stadt) from its unfailing loyalty. In 1246 it was the scene of a victory of the Hungarians over the Austrians; and in 1486 it was taken by Matthew Corvinus, king of Hungary, who, however, restored it to Maximilian I. four years later. In 1529 and 1683 it was besieged by the Turks. It was at Neustadt that the emperor Rudolf II. granted to the Bohemian Protestants, in 1609, the ‘ ‘ Majestätsbrief,” or patent of equal rights, the revocation of which helped to precipitate the Thirty Years’ War. Compare Böheim, Chronik von Wiener-Neustadt.

9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 17, p. 365
[97 words — estimated reading time: 1 minute]

Neustadt-an-der-haardt Encyclopedia Britannica

NEUSTADT-AN-DER-HAARDT, a small manufacturing town in the Bavarian Palatinate, is picturesquely situated at the base of the Haardt mountains and the mouth of the valley of the Speyerbach, 14 miles to the east of Spires and the Rhine. The Protestant abbeychurch, a fine Gothic edifice of 1354-1489, contains the tombs of several Counts Palatine. The other noteworthy buildings are the handsome Roman Catholic church, a modern Gothic structure; the Saalbau, a large edifice for balls and concerts; the town-house, formerly a Jesuit college; the old Latin school; the real-school; and the hospital. The chief industries are paper-making, strawplaiting, distilling, and the manufacture of cloth, gold and silver plate, furniture, starch, and hats. A brisk trade is carried on in wood, grain, fruits, and wine, all of which are produced extensively in the vicinity. Neustadt, which received its municipal charter in 1275, now contains (1880) 11,411 inhabitants, of whom 6987 are Protestants and 4028 Roman Catholics. It is one of the centres of the Rhenish “grape-cure,” which attracts numerous visitors.

9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 17, p. 365
[178 words — estimated reading time: 2 minutes]

Neustadt-eberswalde Encyclopedia Britannica

NEUSTADT-EBERSWALDE, now officially named Eberswalde simply, is a manufacturing town of Prussia, province of Brandenburg, situated 28 miles to the northwest of Berlin, on a canal connecting the Oder and the Havel. It possesses a mineral spring, which has lately attracted numerous summer visitors, but its chief importance arises from its various industries, which include ironfounding and the making of horse-shoe nails, roofing material (Dachpappe, a kind of thick pasteboard), and bricks. A considerable trade is carried on in grain, wood, and coals. In the immediate vicinity are one of the chief brass-foundries in Germany and an extensive Government paper-mill, in which the paper for the notes of the national bank (Deτchsbanlc) is manufactured. The town contains no noteworthy buildings except the large lunatic asylum for the province, and the school of forestry, which is attended by students from all parts of Germany. There are two Protestant churches, a Roman Catholic church, and a synagogue. In 1880 the population was 11,524, including 436 Roman Catholics and 171 Jews.

Neustadt-Eberswalde received its municipal charter in 1237, and was taken and sacked during the Thirty Years’ War. In 1747 Frederick the Great brought a colony of Thuringian cutlers to the town, but this branch of industry has entirely died out. About 4 miles to the north lies the old Cistercian monastery of Chorin, the fine Gothic church of which contains the tombs of several margraves of Brandenburg.

9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 17, p. 366
[242 words — estimated reading time: 2 minutes]