PAMPLONA (Pampeluna, Fr. Pampelune), a city of Spain, capital of the province of Navarre, and an episcopal see, is situated 1378 feel above sea-level, on the left bank of the Agra, a tributary of the Ebro, ‘on a height commanding a wide view of the hill-encircled plain known as the “cuenca” or “bowl” of Pamplona. It is a station on the Ebro railway connecting Alsasua with Saragossa. The climate in general is cold and moist, but owing to the purity of the air and the excellence of its drainage the town is not unhealthy. From its position Pamplona has always been the principal fortress of Navarre. The fortifications form a rectangle of which the north-east and north-west sides face the river (here crossed by several bridges), while on the south-west side stands the citadel, which owes its present construction to Philip II., who modelled it on that of Antwerp. It is a pentagon, separated from the city by an esplanade, and is calculated to accommodate 7500 men. The streets of the town are regular and broad; there are three ii plazas,” the principal of which, containing the Casa de la Diputacion and the theatre, is sometimes on festive occasions turned into a bull-ring. The cathedral is a late Gothic structure begun in 1397 by Charles III. (El Noble) of Navarre, who is buried within its walls; of the previous structure raised by Don Sancho about 1123 only a small portion of the cloisters remains. The interior, which is fine, is remarkable for the peculiar structure of its apse; the wood carvings of the choir, in English oak, by Miguel Ancheta, a native artist, are excellent. The principal façade is Corinthian, from designs of Ventura Rodriguez (1783). The same architect designed the superb aqueduct by which the city is supplied with water from Monte Francoa, ...