SG Heritage Dictionary

Graf [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

A German title of nobility, equivalent to earl in English, or count in French. See Earl.

Grafe Encyclopedia Britannica

GRAFE, Albrecht von (1828-1870), German oculist, son of Karl Ferdinand von Gräfe, noticed below, was born at Berlin in May 1828. At an early age he manifested a preference for the study of mathematics, but this was gradually superseded by an interest in natural science, which led him ultimately to the study of medicine. After obtaining Government licence at Berlin, he prosecuted his studies at Vienna, Prague, and Paris, devoting special attention to ophthalmology. In 1850 he began practice as an oculist in Berlin, where he founded a private institution for the treatment of the eyes, which became the model of many similar ones in Germany and Switzerland. In 1853 he was appointed teacher of ophthalmology in Berlin university, in 1856 extraordinary professor, and in 1866 ordinary professor. Von Gräfe contributed largely to the perfection of the science of ophthalmology, especially by the establishment in 1855 of his Archiv für Ophthalmologie, in which he had Arlt and Donders as collaborateurs. Perhaps his two most important discoveries are his method of treatment for glaucoma, until then deemed incurable, and his new method of operation for the extraction of cataract, by which the danger of the operation became minimized. He was also regarded as an authority in diseases of the nerves and brain. He died at Berlin 20th August 1870. See Alfred Gräfe, Ein Wort zur Erinnerung an Albrecht von Gräfe, Halle, 1870...

9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 11, p. 31
[237 words — estimated reading time: 2 minutes]

Graff [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1828

1. A ditch or moat.

2. GRAFF , for graft.

Graff [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

A steward; an overseer.

Graff [Noun and verb] Webster's Dictionary 1913

See Graft.

Graffage [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

The scarp of a ditch or moat.

Graffer [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

a notary or scrivener.

Graffiti [Noun plural] Webster's Dictionary 1913

Inscriptions, figure drawings, etc., found on the walls of ancient sepulchers or ruins, as in the Catacombs, or at Pompeii.

Grafrath Encyclopedia Britannica

GRAFRATH, a town of Rhenish Prussia, government district of Dusseldorf, circle of Solingen, situated on the small river Itter, 14 miles E. of Diisseldorf. It has iron foundries, and manufactures of steel wares, chemicals, cotton, and ribbons. The population in 1875 was 5604.

9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 11, p. 32
[43 words — estimated reading time: 1 minute]

Graft [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1828

A small shoot or cion of a tree, inserted in another tree as the stock which is to support and nourish it. These unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.

Graft [Verb intransitive] Webster's Dictionary 1828

To practice the insertion of foreign cions on a stock.

Graft [Verb transitive] Webster's Dictionary 1828

1. To insert a cion or shoot, or a small cutting of it, into another tree.

2. To propagate by insertion or inoculation.

3. To insert in a body to which it did not originally belong. Romans 11:17 .

4. To impregnate with a foreign branch.

5. To join one thing to another so as to receive support from it.

6. And graft my love immortal on thy fame.

Graft [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

1. A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.

2. A branch or portion of a tree growing from such a shoot.

3. A portion of living tissue used in the operation of autoplasty.

4. To insert (a graft) in a branch or stem of another tree; to propagate by insertion in another stock; also, to insert a graft upon.

5. To implant a portion of (living flesh or akin) in a lesion so as to form an organic union.

6. To join (one thing) to another as if by grafting, so as to bring about a close union.

7. To cover, as a ring bolt, block strap, splicing, etc., with a weaving of small cord or rope-yarns.

Graft [Verb intransitive] Webster's Dictionary 1913

To insert scions from one tree, or kind of tree, etc., into another; to practice grafting.

Grafted [Participle passive] Webster's Dictionary 1828

Inserted on a foreign stock.

Grafted [Imperfect tense and past participle] Webster's Dictionary 1913

of Graft

Grafter [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1828

One who inserts cions on foreign stocks, or propagates fruit by ingrafting.

Grafter [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

1. One who inserts scions on other stocks, or propagates fruit by ingrafting.

2. An instrument by which grafting is facilitated.

3. The original tree from which a scion has been taken for grafting upon another tree.

Grafting [Participle present tense] Webster's Dictionary 1828

1. Inserting cions on different stocks.

2. Note. The true original orthography of this word is graff; but graft has superseded the original word, as it has in the compound ingraft.

Grafting [Noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

1. The act or method of weaving a cover for a ring, rope end, etc.

2. The transplanting of a portion of flesh or skin to a denuded surface; autoplasty.

3. A scarfing or endwise attachment of one timber to another.

Grafting [Present participle and verbal noun] Webster's Dictionary 1913

of Graft

GrÄfe Encyclopedia Britannica

GRÄFE, Heinrich (1802-1868), educationist, was born at Buttstädt in Weimar, 3d May 1802, studied mathematics and theology at Jena, and in 1823 obtained a curacy in the stadtkirche of Weimar. Thence he was transferred to Jena as rector of the town school in 1825; in 1840 he was also appointed extraordinary professor of the science of education (Pädagogik) in that university; and in 1842 he became head of the bürgerschule in Cassel. After reorganizing the schools of the town, he becajne director of the new realschule in 1843; and, devoting himself with great zeal and energy to the interests of educational reform in electoral Hesse, he became in 1849 a member of the school commission, and also entered the house of representatives, where he attached himself to the democratic party and made himself somewhat formidable as an agitator. In 1852 for having been implicated in the September riots and in the movement against the unpopular minister Hassenpflug (who had dissolved the school commission) he was condemned to three years’ imprisonment, a sentence which was afterwards reduced to one of twelve months. On his release he withdrew to Geneva, where he engaged in educational work till 1855, when he was appointed director of the school of industry at Bremen. He died in that city 21st July 1868.

Besides being the author of many text-books and occasional papers on educational subjects, he wrote Das Rcchtsvcrhältniss der Volksschule von innen u. aussen (1829); Die Schulreform (1834); Schule u. Unterricht (1839); Allgemeine Pädaqogik (1845); Die Deutsche Volkschule (1847). Along with Kaumann, he also edited the Archiv für das praktische Volkschulwesen (1828—35)....

9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 11, p. 31
[277 words — estimated reading time: 2 minutes]