Same as 2d Reis.
Word of the Day: Catachrestical
Rais
Encyclopedia Britannica
RAISRaiz, or Retz, Gilles de (d. 1410), marshal of France, seigneur of Hautpart and of many other lordships, who was hanged and burned at Nantes in 1440, has left a name connected directly with one of the most horrible stories in history, and indirectly with other curious matter. Not much is known of Rais before the trial which made his name infamous. He was of the noblest blood of the marches of Brittany, being on the father’s side of the Laval branch of the ducal family of Montfort, and being connected through his mother and by marriage with the houses of Craon, Thouars, and others. His possessions in the district from which he took his name, and which borders the estuary of the Loire on the south, as well as along the river, were great, and his chief seat was at ChamptocA He had served in the English wars with the credit of a brave knight, had a rather special reputation for devotion, had been marshal since 1429, and had held the alms-dish at the coronation of Charles VII. Suddenly he was arrested, tried, and, as above stated, executed on the evidence of accomplices and his own confession. The crimes with which he was charged extended over some fourteen years. During that period it was alleged that he had, through different agents, especially a AA'oman called La Meffraie, kidnapped or enticed to his various abodes large numbers (Monstrelet says 100, others 140) of children. These children, after being subjected to every outrage of lust and cruelty, Avere sacrificed to the devil, their blood used for magical ceremonies, their bodies burned, and their bones buried in the precincts of Rais’s castles. The ultimate purpose of this deAnl-worship Avas asserted to be the acquisition by Rais (who was assisted by divers sorcerers, especially an Italian imported for the ...purpose) of power and honours in the state. The depositions were A r ery full and still exist, and on them and his confession Rais Avas executed. It is, however, somewhat suspicious that the bishop of Nantes, who promoted, and the duke of Brittany, who sanctioned the proceedings, were both bitter personal enemies of Rais, Ailiile the king, who AA־as also concerned, had for a main part of his policy the putting doAvn of feudal barons ayIio, like Rais, held posts of vantage in the country. The tAA T o chief contemporary authors avIio mention the case, Monstrelet and Chastellain, speak of it Avith somewhat less horror than might, even alloAving for possible political sympathies, have been expected. Monstrelet (who says that Rais was charged Avith the murder of pregnant Avomen also) says that “many ladies and damsels” begged his body of the duke, and that great part of the nobles of Brittany, not only his relations, had great sorroAv and sadness for his death. Chastellain introduces the ghost of Rais in rather striking fashion in his Temple de Bocace as “folloAved by a multitude of little children crying ‘Vengeance.’” The affair affected public imagination as much because of the rarity of a criminal of such rank being brought to justice as of the heinousness of the crimes attributed to him. Locally it took a very strong hold of the popular mind, and a tradition not easy to trace connects it with the Bluebeard legend, which finally took shape in the hands of Perrault. This connexion, liOAvever, hardly bears examination. In the first place, there is no evidence that Rais ever was called Bluebeard, though a contemporary English adventurer A'ho is mentioned by Holinshed Avas so called, and may have left a bad reputation in France. In the second, it is impossible to trace even the most superficial resemblance betAveen the stories. In Bluebeard there are no children concerned, no unnatural crimes, no sorcery; it is merely one of the numerous stories of “punished curiosity” so frequent in folk-lore. As it stands the Rais story is too horrible to make much of a figure in literature; but it has attracted some students of causes célèbres, notably Dumas fils in his Tristan le Roux.
For authorities besides the passages of Monstrelet and Chastellain above quoted, Michelet, Histoire de France, and Vallet de Viriville, Histoire de Charles VIL, may be consulted. Mézeray’s account, usually followed in books of reference, is loose; he had evidently not seen the records, nor even Monstrelet. But his assignment of a state crime against the duke as the real cause of death is very probable, though not formally correct.
9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 20, p. 258
[760 words — estimated reading time: 5 minutes]
[760 words — estimated reading time: 5 minutes]
Capable of being raised.
1. raze. [This word occurs often in the Gothic version of the gospels, Luke 3:8 . John 6:40 , 44. These verbs appear to be the Latin gradior, gressus, without the prefix. Latin to go to walk, to pass.]
2. To lift; to take up; to heave; to lift from a low or reclining posture; as, to raise a stone or weight; to raise the body in bed.
3. The angel smote Peter on the side and raised him up.
4. Acts 12:7 .
5. To set upright; as, to raise a mast.
6. To set up; to erect; to set on its foundations and put together; as, to raise the frame of a house.
7. To build; as, to raise a city, a fort, a wall, etc.
8. I will raise forts against thee. Isaiah 29:3 . Amos 9:11 .
9. To rebuild.
10. They shall raise up the former desolations. Isaiah 61:4 .
11. To form to some height by accumulation; as, to raise a heap of stones. Joshua 8:29 .
12. To make; to produce; to amass; as, to raise a great estate out of small profits.
15. To exalt; to advance; to promote in rank or honor; as, to raise one to an office of distinction.
16. This gentleman came to be raised to great titles.
17. To enhance; to increase; as, to raise the value of coin; to raise the price of goods.
18. To increase in current value.
19. the plate pieces of eight were raised three pence in the piece.
21. He commandeth and raiseth the stormy wind. Psalms 107:1 .
26. To increase in strength; to excite from languor or weakness. The pulse is raised by stimulants, sometimes by venesection.
27. To give beginning of importance to; to elevate into reputation; as, to raise a family.
28. To bring into being.
29. God vouchsafes to raise another word for him.
30. To bring from a state of death to life.
31. He was delivered for our offenses, and raised again for our justification. Romans 4:24 . 1 Corinthians 15:15 .
32. To call into view from the state of separate spirits; as, to raise a spirit by spells and incantations.
35. To utter loudly; to begin to sound or clamor. He raised his voice against the measures of administration.
36. To utter with more strength or elevation; to swell. Let the speaker raise his voice.
37. To collect; to obtain; to bring into a sum or fund. Government raises money by taxes, excise and imposts. Private persons and companies raise money for their enterprises.
38. To levy; to collect; to bring into service; as, to raise troops; to raise an army.
39. To give rise to.
40. To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred or propagated; as, to raise wheat, barley, hops, etc.; to raise horses, oxen or sheep.
41. [The English now use grow in regard to crops; as, to grow wheat. This verb intransitive has never been used in New England in a transitive sense, until recently some persons have adopted it from the English books. We always use raise but in New England it is never applied to the breeding of the human race, as it is in the southern states.]
43. Miss Liddy can dance a jig and raise paste.
45. To ordain; to appoint; or to call to and prepare; to furnish with gifts and qualification suited to a purpose; a Scriptural sense.
46. I will raise them up a prophet from among their brethren. Deuteronomy 18:15 .
47. For this cause have I raised thee up, to show in thee my power. Exodus 9:16 . Judges 2:16 .
48. To keep in remembrance. Ruth 4:5 .
49. To cause to exist by propagation. Matthew 22:24 .
51. To increase in intensity or strength; as, to raise the heat of a furnace.
52. In seamen's language, to elevate, as an object by a gradual approach to it; to bring to be seen at a greater angle; opposed to laying; as, to raise the land; to raise a point.
53. To raise a purchase, in seamen's language, is to dispose instruments or machines in such a manner as to exert any mechanical force required.
54. To raise a siege, is to remove a besieging army and relinquish an attempt to take the place by that mode of attack, or to cause the attempt to be relinquished.
1. To cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight.
2. To bring to a higher condition or situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance; as, to raise from a low estate; to raise to office; to raise the price, and the like.
3. To increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace.
4. To elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room.
5. To cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff.
6. To cause to spring up from a recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse.
8. To bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to.
9. To cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give rise to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like.
10. To form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect; as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones.
11. To bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like.
12. To cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle.
13. To bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with up.
14. To give rise to; to set agoing; to occasion; to start; to originate; as, to raise a smile or a blush.
16. To bring to notice; to submit for consideration; as, to raise a point of order; to raise an objection.
18. To cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it; as, to raise Sandy Hook light.
19. To let go; as in the command, Raise tacks and sheets, i. e., Let go tacks and sheets.
Lifted; elevated; exalted; promoted; set upright; built; made or enlarged; produced; enhanced; excited; restored to life; levied; collected; roused; invented and propagated; increased.
1. Lifted up; showing above the surroundings; as, raised or embossed metal work.
One who raises; that which raises; one that builds; one that levies or collects; one that begins, produces or propagates.
One who, or that which, raises (in various senses of the verb).
1. razn.
2. A grape dried in the sun or by artificial heat.
2. In New England, the operation or work of setting up the frame of a building.
Lifting; elevating; setting upright; exalting; producing; enhancing; restoring to life; collecting; levying; propagating, etc.
2. Specifically, the operation or work of setting up the frame of a building; as, to help at a raising.
3. The operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.
Raisins
Encyclopedia Britannica
RAISINS are the dried fruits of certain varieties of the grape vine, Vit is vinifera, which groAv principally in the warm climate of the Mediterranean coasts and are comparatively rich in sugar. The use of dried grapes or raisins as food is of great antiquity (Numb. a 1; 3 .¡־ Sam. xxv. 18, xxx. 12). In mediaeval times raisins imported from Spain Avere a prized luxury in England, and to the present day Great Britain continues to be the best customer of the raisin-producing regions. “Raisins of the sun” are obtained by letting the fruit continue on the vines after it has come to maturity, Avhere there is sufficient sunshine and heat in the autumn, till the clusters dry on the stocks. Another plan is partially to sever the stalk before the grapes are quite ripe, thus stopping the Aoav of the sap, and in that condition to leave them on the vines till they are .sufficiently dry. The more usual process, liOAvever, is to cut off the fully ripe clusters and expose them, spread out, for several days to the rays of the sun, taking care that they are not injured by rain. In unfavourable weather they may be dried in a heated chamber, but are then inferior in quality. In some parts of Spain and France it is common to dip the gathered clusters in boiling Avater, or in a strong potash lye, a practice which softens the skin, favours drying, and gives the raisins a clear glossy appearance. Again, in Asia Minor the fruit is dipped into hot Avater on the surface of which swims a layer of olive oil, which communicates a bright lustre and softness to the skin. Some superior A־arieties are treated with very great care, retained on their stalks, and sent into the market as clusters for table use; but the greater part are separated from the stalks in the process of drying and the ...stalks AvinnoAved out of the fruit. Raisins come from numerous Mediterranean localities, and present at least three distinct varieties,—(1) ordinary or large raisins, (2) sultana seedless raisins, and (3) currants or Corinthian raisins (see vol. vi. p. 715). The greater proportion of the common large raisins of English commerce comes from the provinces of Malaga, Valencia, and Alicante in Spain; these are knoAvn by the common name of Malaga raisins. Those of the finest quality, called Malaga clusters, are prepared from a variety of muscatel grape, and preserved on the stalks for table use. This variety, as Avell as Malaga layers, so called from the manner of packing, are exclusively used as dessert fruit. Raisins of a somewhat inferior quality, knoAvn as “lexias,” from the same provinces, are used for cooking and baking purposes. Smyrna raisins also come to some extent into the English market. The best quality, knoAvn as Elemé, is a large fruit, having a reddish yelloAv skin with a sweet pleasant flavour. Large-seeded dark-coloured raisins are produced in some of the islands of the Greek Archipelago and in Crete, but they are little seen in the British markets. In Italy the finest raisins are produced in Calabria, inferior qualities in central Italy and in Sicily. From the Lipari Islands a certain quantity of cluster raisins of good quality is sent to England. In the south of France raisins of high excellence—Provence raisins in clusters—are obtained at RoqueA r aire, Lunel, and Frontignan. Sultana seedless raisins are the produce of a small variety of yellow grape, cultivated exclusively in the neighbourhood of Smyrna. The vines are groAvn on a soil of decomposed hippurite limestone, on sloping ground rising to a height of 400 feet above the sea, and all attempts to cultivate sultanas in other raisin-growing localities have failed, the grapes quickly reverting to a seed-bearing character. The dried fruit has a fine golden-yellow colour, with a thin, delicate, translucent skin and a sweet aromatic flavour. A very fine seedless oblong raisin of the sultana type with a brownish skin is cultivated in the neighbourhood of Damascus, but it is rarely seen in the Western markets.
Raisins are chiefly valuable on account of the large proportion of grape sugar and cream of tartar which they contain. In old dry raisins these substances are found in hard nodular masses. The seeds contain from 15 to 18 per cent, of a bland fixed oil and about 5 per cent, of tannin. The imports into the United Kingdom average in value about £1,000,000 yearly, the quantity imported in 1883 having been 588,309 cwt., valued at £1,057,934.
9th ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 20, p. 258
[771 words — estimated reading time: 5 minutes]
[771 words — estimated reading time: 5 minutes]
Arranged systematically, or according to classes or subjects; as, a catalogue raisonne. See under Catalogue.
No thesaurus entries found for "rais".
King James Bible KJV Bible
Berean Standard Bible BSB Bible
177 KJV and 228 BSB verses contain “rais” — showing the first 20. Show all 297 verses (searchable)
And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle.
Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who dwell in tents and raise livestock.
And Judah said unto Onan, Go in unto thy brother’s wife, and marry her, and raise up seed to thy brother.
Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife. Perform your duty as her brother-in-law and raise up offspring for your brother.”
That ye shall say, Thy servants’ trade hath been about cattle from our youth even until now, both we, and also our fathers: that ye may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an abomination unto the Egyptians.
you are to say, ‘Your servants have raised livestock ever since our youth—both we and our fathers.’ Then you will be allowed to settle in the land of Goshen, since all shepherds are detestable to the Egyptians.”
And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood.
Moses and Aaron did just as the LORD had commanded; in the presence of Pharaoh and his officials, Aaron raised the staff and struck the water of the Nile, and all the water was turned to blood.
And in very deed for this cause have I raised thee up, for to shew in thee my power; and that my name may be declared throughout all the earth.
But I have raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power to you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.
Thou shalt not raise a false report: put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness.
“You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness.
I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him.
I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers. I will put My words in his mouth, and he will tell them everything I command him.
And if the man like not to take his brother’s wife, then let his brother’s wife go up to the gate unto the elders, and say, My husband’s brother refuseth to raise up unto his brother a name in Israel, he will not perform the duty of my husband’s brother.
But if the man does not want to marry his brother’s widow, she is to go to the elders at the city gate and say, “My husband’s brother refuses to preserve his brother’s name in Israel. He is not willing to perform the duty of a brother-in-law for me.”
And their children, whom he raised up in their stead, them Joshua circumcised: for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them by the way.
And Joshua raised up their sons in their place, and these were the ones he circumcised. Until this time they were still uncircumcised, since they had not been circumcised along the way.