PAREJA, Juan de (1606—1670), Spanish painter, was a mestizo, born in the West Indies about 1606, and in early life passed into the service of Velazquez, who employed him in colour-grinding and other menial work of the studio. By day he closely watched his master’s methods, and by night stealthily practised with his brushes until he had attained considerable manipulative skill. The story goes that, having succeeded in producing a picture satisfactory to himself, he contrived furtively to place it among those on which Velazquez had been working, immediately before an expected visit of King Philip IV. The performance was duly discovered and praised, and Pareja forthwith received his freedom, which, however, he continued to devote to his former employer’s service. His extant works are not very numerous; the best known, the Calling of St Matthew, now in the Royal Picture Gallery, Madrid, has considerable merit as regards technique, but does not reveal much originality, insight, or devotional feeling. He died in 1670.
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PARÉ, Ambroise, the father of French surgery, was born at Laval, in the province of Maine, in 1509, and died in 1590. A collection of his works was published at Paris in 1561, and was afterwards frequently reprinted. Several editions have also appeared in German and Dutch. Among the English translations was that of Thomas Johnson, London, 1634. For Parés professional career and services, see Surgery.
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