AGONALIA, in Roman Antiquity, festivals celebrated on the 9th January, 21st May, and 11th December in each year, in honour of Janus, whom the Romans invoked before undertaking any affair of importance. Ovid, in his Fasti, i. 319-332, mentions various etymologies of the word.
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AGONIC LINES (from ά privative, and γωνία, an angle), the imaginary lines on the earth’s surface where the magnetic needle indicates no declination or deviation from the terrestrial meridian—that is, points to the true north and south. There are two great primary agonic lines, varying from time to time, the courses of which for the epochs 1787 (from Hansteen’s Magnetismus der Erde) and 1840 (by General Sir E. Sabine) are figured in Keith Johnston’s Physical Atlas.
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AGONOTHETA, or Agonothetes (άγων and τ ί θημ ι ), in Grecian Antiquity, was the president or superintendent of the sacred games. At first the person who instituted the games and defrayed the expenses was the Agonothetes; but in the great public games, such as the Olympic, Pythian, &c., these presidents were the representatives of different states, or were chosen from the people in whose country the games were celebrated. They received the several titles of α ί συμvηται, βpaβεvτa ί , άγωvάρχαι, aγωvoδίκaι, αθλoθ∈ται. They were also called ραβδούχοι or ρaβδovoμoι, from the rod or sceptre emblematic of their authority.
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