NAGASAKI, or sometimes Nangasaki, the leading seaport on the western coasts of Japan, is situated in 32° 44' N. lat. and 129° 52' E. long., in the island of Kin-shin, and gives its name to a ken (province of Hizen or Hi-shiu). The harbour is formed by a beautiful inlet of the sea, stretching northward for a distance of about 4 miles, with an average width of about a mile, enclosed on both sides by a delightful framework of hills (1500 feet), and adorned by a number of the most picturesque-looking islands. The city lies near the upper end of the inlet on its eastern side, extending about a mile in length and f of a mile in breadth. Immediately to the south, and connected with the mainland by a bridge, lies the half-artificial island of Desima (600 feet by 240), which, originally occupied by the Portuguese (1637-39), was for more than two hundred years (1641-1854) the trading post and prison-house of the Dutch traders. Southwards along the shore, on ground largely reclaimed from the sea, runs the foreign settlement, with the American, British, French, and Portuguese consulates on the hilly ground behind. The magnificent dock (460 feet long, 89 wide, and 28 deep), commenced by the prince of Hizen in 1865, and rebuilt in 1874-79, occupies a deep gorge between two hills at Tatagami, on the western side of the firth opposite the city; a few hundred yards to the north of the dock are the engine-works of Akaonura (with an area of 7 acres); and at Koski there is a fine patent slip constructed for the prince of Satsuma (the prince of Hizen’s rival). Nagasaki is laid out with great regularity and neatness, the streets crossing each other at right angles; beginning to climb the hills, they not infrequently end in stairs. Among the public buildings may be mentioned the hospital ...

NAGOYA, sometimes Nogoy a, one of the largest and most active of the cities of Japan, the chief town of Aichi ken (province of Owari), and formerly the seat of the princes of Owari (one of the “three august families” closely allied to the Tokugawa line of shoguns), lies at the head of the shallow Owari Bay, about 30 miles from Yokai-ichi, its port, with which it communicates by lightdraught steamers. Nagoya is well known as one of the great seats of the pottery trade (though the master potters for the most part get their goods manufactured at Seto, about 13 miles distant, where the clay has been worked for wellnigh two thousand years); fans and enamels are also made in the city. The castle of Nagoya, occupying about 400 acres of ground at the north side of the city, erected in 1610, suffered comparatively little during the revolution of 1868, and is now the headquarters of the Nagoya military district, with extensive barracks and drill-grounds. The central keep of the citadel is a remarkable structure, covering close upon half an acre, but rapidly diminishing in each of its five stories till the top room is only about 12 yards square. Gabled roofs and hanging rafters break the almost pyramidal outline; and a pair of gold-plated dolphins 8 feet high form a striking finial. Both were removed in 1872, and one of them was at the Vienna Exhibition in 1873; but they have been restored to their proper site. Among the religious buildings perhaps the most interesting is the Kenchiu-ji, a monastery of the Jo-do sect, containing the burial-place of the princes of Owari. A superior court, a middle school, a girls’ school, a normal school, the prefecture, the telegraph and post-office, and the hospital are the principal foreign-style buildings in Nagoya. The population is ...

NAGY-KÖRÖS(i.e., Great Korös) is a town, or rather an overgrown village, in Hungary, in the district and 50 miles to the south-west of Pesth. It lies in the midst of a sandy plain, and is a station on the railway from Pesth to Temesvar. In 1880 it contained 22,769 inhabitants, chiefly Protestants, who are engaged in wine-culture and the rearing of cattle and sheep. Its gymnasium is esteemed one of the best schools in Hungary.

NAGY-VÁRAD. See Grosswardein.

NAGÍNA, a town in Bijnaur district, North-Western Provinces of India, is situated on the road from Hardwâr to Muradâbâd, in 29° 27' 5" N. lat. and 78° 28' 50" E. long., with a population of 20,503 in 1881. The headquarters of the district were removed from it to Bijnaur town in 1824. It is celebrated for its ebony carvings. There are also manufactures of glassware, ropes, and matchlocks, and a large export of sugar.

NÁGA HILLS, a district in the south-eastern corner of the chief-commissionership of Assam, India, lies between 25° 13' and 26° 32' N. lat., and between 93° and 94° 13' E. long., being a mountainous borderland between Nowgong district and Manipur state, with an area of about 6400 square miles. It forms a wild expanse of forest, mountain, and stream. The valleys and hills are covered with dense jungle, dotted with small lakes and marshes. Coal is known to exist in many localities, as well as limestone, chalk, and slate. The chief rivers are the Dâyang, Dhaneswari, and Jamuna, only navigable for small boats during the rainy season.

In 1870 the deputy-commissioner roughly estimated the strength of the different tribes as follows :—Assamese, 705; Aitaniyâs, 355; Câchâris, 3505; Mikirs, 8820; Kukis, 2524; Nâgâs, 66,535; total, 82,444. The estimated population in 1881-82 was 93,000. Agriculture is conducted in a rude, nomadic fashion, the only implements of tillage being the ddo or hill knife, and a koddli or hoe. Rice and millet are the main crops. In some places great skill is displayed in irrigation. The tea plant is indigenous, and a large number of natives are now employed in the tea-gardens. The manufactures embrace the production of the few rude articles required for domestic use or as clothing, and the forging of ddos, koddlis, and spear-heads. Trade is generally conducted by means of barter, and has considerably increased of late years. The local products available for export comprise rice, cotton, cloth woven from nettle fibre, ivory, beeswax, and various dyes obtained from the jungle. Salt and iron are imported; but the one great desire of every Nâgâ is to have a gun. The revenμe is nominal....

NÁGPUR, a district in the division of the same name, in the Central Provinces of India, lying between 20° 36' and 21° 43' N. lat., and between 78° 17' and 79° 42' E. long., bounded on the N. by Chhindwâra and Seoni, E. by Bhandâra, S. by Chânda and Wardhâ, and W. by Wardhâ. and Ellichpur, with an area of 3786 square miles. Nâgpur district lies immediately below the great table-land of the Sâtpura range. A second line of hills shuts in the district on the south-west, and a third runs from north to south, parting the country into two plains of unequal size. These hills are all offshoots of the Sâtpuras, and nowhere attain any great elevation. Their heights are rocky and sterile, but the valleys and lowlands at their feet are fertile, yielding rich crops of corn and garden produce. The western plain slopes down to the river Wardhâ, is-watered by the Jâm and Madâr rivers, tributaries of the Wardhâ, and contains the most highly-tilled land in the district, abounding in fruit trees, and the richest garden cultivation. The eastern plain (six times the larger), stretching away to the confines of Bhandâra and Chânda, consists of a rich undulating country, luxuriant with mango-groves, and dotted towards the east with countless small, tanks. It is watered by the Kanhân, with its tributaries, which flows into the Waingangâ beyond the district....