HAVELBERG, an ancient town of Brandenburg, Prussia, in the government district of Potsdam and the circle of Westpriegnitz, is situated on the Havel, about 6J miles from its junction with the Elbe. The nearest stationis Glöwen (6} miles), on the Berlin and Hamburg Railway. The town is built partly on an island in the Havel and partly on hills on the right bank of the river, on one of which stands the fine cathedral. The two parts, which are connected by a bridge, were incorporated as one town in 1875. Havelberg is the seat of a commission of justice. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in farming, tobacco and pin manufacturing, sugar-refining, and shipbuilding, and in the timber trade. Population in 1875, 6907.

Otto I. founded a bishopric at Havelberg so early as 946; the bishop, however, generally resided at Plattenburg or Wittstock, a few miles to the north. In 1548 the bishopric was reduced, and the cathedral passed to the Protestant Church and retained its endowments till the edict of 1810, by which all former ecclesiastical possessions were assumed by the crown. The final secularization was delayed till 1819. Havelberg was formerly a strong fortress, but in the Thirty Years’ War it was taken from the Danish by the imperial troops in 1627. Recaptured by the Swedes in 1631, and again in 1635 and 1636, it was in 1637 retaken by the Saxons under Klitzeng. It suffered severely from a conflagration in 1870.

HAVELOCK, Sir Henry (1795-1857), an eminent British soldier, was the second of four brothers (all of whom entered the army), and was born at Ford Hall, Bishop-Wearmouth, Sunderland, on the 5th of April 1795. His parents were William Havelock, a wealthy shipbuilder in Sunderland, and Jane, daughter of John Carter, solicitor at Stockton-on-Tees. When about five years old Henry accompanied his elder brother William to Mr Bradley’s school at Swanscombe, whence at the age of ten he removed for seven years to Charterhouse School. In accordance with the desire of his mother, who had died in 1811, he entered the Middle Temple in 1813, studying under Chitty the eminent special pleader. His legal studies having been abridged by a misunderstanding with his father, he in 1815 accepted a second lieutenancy in the Rifle Brigade (95th), procured for him by the interest of his brother William. During the following eight years of service in Britain he read extensively and acquired a good acquaintance with the theory of war. In 1823, having exchanged into the 21st and thence into the 13th Light Infantry, he followed his brothers William and Charles to India, first qualifying himself in Hindustani under Dr Gilchrist, a celebrated Orientalist. At the close of twenty-three years’ service he was still a lieutenant, and it was not until 1838 that, after three years’ adjutancy of his regiment, he became captain. Before this, however, he had held several staff appointments, notably that of deputy assistant-adjutantgeneral of the forces in Burmah till the peace of Yandabo, of which he, with Lumsden and Knox, procured the ratifications at Ava from the “Golden Foot,” who bestowed on him the “gold leaf” insignia of Burmese nobility. His first command had been at a stockade capture in ...

HAVERCAMP, Sigebert (1683-1742), classical editor and numismatist, was born at Utrecht in December 1683. After studying at the university of his native town and at Leyden, he entered the church, and became minister of Stad-aan-’t Haringvliet, in the island of Overflakkee. There he remained till 1721, when he succeeded Gronovius in the Greek chair at Leyden, becoming shortly afterwards professor of history and rhetoric also. He died at Leyden, April 23, 1742.

His editions of Latin and Greek authors are useful and learned compilations, rather than original critical commentaries, and bear frequent traces of the rapidity with which they were produced. They are the following:— Tertulliαη, 1718; Lucretius, 1725; Josephus, 1726; Eutropiτιs, 1729; Orosius, 1738; Sallust, 1742; and Censorinus, 1743. See Dibdin’s Classics under these names. His principal numismatic works are Dissertationes de Alexandri Magni Numismate, 1722; Thesaurus Morellianus, 1734; Universal History, illustrated from Medals (in Dutch), 1736; Nurnrnophy∙ lacium regime Christinas, 1742. He was also the author of Sylloge Scriptorum qui de linguoe Groecae vera et recta Pronuntiatione commentarios reliquerunt, 1740; Introductio in Historiam Γatrice, 1739; and Introductio in Antiquitates Romanas, 1740.

HAVERFORDWEST (in Welsh Hwlffordd), the chief town of Pembrokeshire, a seaport·, market-town, parliamentary and municipal borough, and county by itself, is picturesquely situated on a hill overlooking the West Cleddau river, 8 miles N.N.E. of Milford, and 276 miles W.N.W. of London. The town is clean and well built, though somewhat irregular, owing to its position. Its principal buildings are the guildhall and the market-house, both modern, and the church of St Mary, one of the finest churches in South Wales. The old church of St Martin is close to the castle, of which, built on a rocky eminence overhanging the river, only a wall and the keep remain, the latter with considerable additions being till lately used as the county prison. It was built by Gilbert de Clare, first earl of Pembroke; and during the insurrection of Owen Glendower wa3 defended for Henry IV. against the French allies of the Welsh. In the civil wars of the 17th century it was held by the royalists. The castle was visited in 1188 by Giraldus Cambrensis and Archbishop Baldwin. Below the end of the Parade, a public walk overlooking the river, are the ruins of a priory of Black Canons of the order of St Augustine, dedicated to St Mary and St Thomas. Dating from the 12th century it was endowed though not founded by Robert de Hwlffordd, whose liberal grants were confirmed by Edward III. The old wall and fortifications that formerly surrounded the town have totally disappeared. On the north side of the river is the suburb of Prendergast, containing the remains of an ancient mansion, formerly occupied by a family of that name. Haverfordwest is the seat of an assize court and quarter sessions, and with the contributory boroughs of Fishguard and Narberth returns one member to parliament. The river is navigable ...

HAVERHILL, a city in Essex county, Massachusetts, United States, is situated on the north bank of the Merrimack river, 18 miles from its mouth, and opposite the towns of Bradford and Groveland, with which it is connected by two fine bridges. It has railway communication with Boston, which is 32 miles south, and with Portland, 78 miles north. The city contains a handsome soldiers’ monument of white marble, erected in 1869, several public halls, including the city hall, the Freemasons’ and the Oddfellows’ halls, and a public library with 30,000 volumes. Haverhill derives its prosperity from the manufacture of boots and shoes, chiefly of the finer kinds, in which about 150 firms are engaged, employing from 6000 to 8000 hands, and turning out goods to the annual value of about .£2,000,000. Besides these there are about forty manufactories of different articles used in this trade, as heels, lasts, shoe-nails, &c. The other manufactures include hats, paper-boxes, and woollen goods. The first settlement at Haverhill was made in 1640, and for 70 years as a frontier town it suffered much from savage attacks. A fine granite and bronze monument has been recently erected to commemorate the heroism of the early settlers. Haverhill was incorporated in 1645, and received its city charter in 1870. The population in 1870 amounted to 13,092, of whom 2003 were foreigners. In 1879 the number was estimated at 15,000.